Grammar-1

GRAMMAR
By: Ronny Adianto Simarmata, S.E.

1. Adverbs of Frequency
Use:
Use adverbs of frequency to talk about how often you do something.
The first, you must now this words:

• always = every day
• usually = nearly every day
• often = on many days
• sometimes = on some days
• rarely = on few days
• hardly ever = on very few days
• never = on no days

Form:
1) Adverbs of frequency often go in present simple sentences. We must know how to use it, if we want to make sentencess, For Example you may learn this example:

• I often have toast for breakfast
• I usually drive to work.

2) Adverbs of frequency usually go before a verb.
Example:

• I never smoke. NOT I smoke never / Never I smoke.

3) But adverbs of frequency go after the verb be.

• I’m always on time. NOT I always am on time.

Common mistakes
1) Some students write adverbs of frequency in the wrong place.

• I drink often coffee (False).< => I often drink coffee.(True)
• I always am tired on Mondays.(False) => I’m always tired on Mondays.(True)

2. Here, There

Use:

1. Here:

• Use here when you find something.

Where’s my Book? It’s here! Here it is!

• Here means that something is near you. Is your Brother here? Yes, he is.

1. 2. There:

• Use there to talk about what exists.

There’s a cafe, a bank, a shop and a park in the town.

• • Use there to talk about how many things there are.

There are three people in my family.
There are ten students in the class.

• • And use there to talk about where things are.

There is a bathroom opposite the bedroom.
There’s a cash machine near the cafe.

• • Use there, or over there, to talk about something that is not near you.

Where’s my bag? It’s over there, near the door.
Form:
1) Use here and there with be.
Here is your bag. Your bags are here.
There is a nice restaurant in town. There are some good shops in town.

2) You can contract is after here and there. You cannot contract are.
Here is Joe! => Here’s Joe!
There is a great café near here. =>There’s a great café near here.
Here are your bags! => Here’re your bags.
There are three kids in my family. => There’re three kids in my family.
3) Make questions by inverting here / there and be:
Is there a nice restaurant in town?
Are there any good shops in town?
How many shops are there in the town?

Common mistakes
1. Some students do not use there to talk about things that exist.
A restaurant is in my town. (Fakse) => There is a restaurant in my town.(True)
Ten students are in my class.(False) => There are ten students in my class.(True)
2. Some students forget to invert there and be in questions.
How many students there are in your class?(False)=>
How many students are there in your class?(True)



To Be Continue Grammar-2. OK...

ekonomi

Koefisien Elastisitas Permintaan

Perhitungan koefisien elastisitas permintaan dengan menggunakan metode mid point adalah sebagai berikut :

Ed = % perubahan kuantitas diminta / % perubahan harga,

atau

Keterangan :

ED = Elastisitas permintaan
Q2 = Kuantitas permintaan setelah perubahan
Q1 = Kuantitas permintaan awal
P2 = Harga setelah perubahan
P1 = Harga awal

Dalam perhitungan koefisien elastisitas ini, angka minus tidak perlu ditulis karena kita telah mengetahui bahwa antara harga dan permintaan berslope negatif. Artinya, kenaikan harga akan menurunkan permintaan, dan sebaliknya (hukum permintaan).

Contoh : Apabila harga es krim naik dari $2 menjadi $2,2 dan jumlah pembelian turun dari 10 batang menjadi 8 batang, maka elastsitas permintaan dihitung sebagai berikut :

Koefisien sebesar 2,32 menunjukkan bahwa perubahan harga sebesar 1 persen akan menimbulkan perubahan permintaan sebesar 2,32 %. Elastisitas permintaan memiliki hubungan negatif (arahnya berbalikan), yaitu ketika harga naik permintaan akan turun, vice versa.

lovly words

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